The Arm Care Library
Plain-language pitching health for the parent in the bleachers, built on peer-reviewed research and the work of the leading pitching labs. Every claim here is sourced. When the science is debated, we say so.
Workload & Overuse
Youth Pitch Counts by Age: What the Research Actually Says
The numbers that protect a young arm, where they come from, and how to use them without turning every game into a math problem.
Pitching Tired: Why Arm Fatigue Is the Risk That Matters Most
Of everything researchers have measured, throwing while fatigued is the single clearest warning sign. The hard part is that your pitcher will hide it.
Elbow & UCL
The Youth Tommy John Surge: What Every Baseball Parent Should Know
Tommy John surgery was built to save professional careers. Today the largest single group of patients is teenagers. Here is the why, and what genuinely lowers the risk.
Curveballs, Velocity, and Weighted Balls: Sorting Real Risk From Myth
Three debates that start arguments at every ballpark. Here is where the evidence is solid, where it is genuinely mixed, and what to do about each.
Little League Elbow and Shoulder: The Growth-Plate Injuries Parents Miss
In a still-growing arm, the weak link is not the ligament. It is the growth plate, and the early warning signs are easy to wave off as nothing.
Mechanics
Hip-Shoulder Separation: The Engine Behind Safe Velocity
The largest overlooked source of velocity in a young pitcher is not the arm. It is the timing between the hips and the shoulders, and it is also the safer way to throw hard.
The Phases of the Pitching Delivery: A Parent's Map
Six phases, two moments of real stress. Once you can see the delivery the way a biomechanist does, every cue and every screening flag starts to make sense.
Common Pitching Mechanical Flaws and How to Fix Them
A short list of delivery flaws does most of the damage in youth pitching. Here is what each one looks like, why it costs both velocity and arm health, and the cue that fixes it.
How to Tell If Your Young Pitcher's Mechanics Are Safe
Most parents want one straight answer: is my kid's delivery hurting him? Here is what the research can and cannot tell you, and how to actually check.
Velocity & Development
Average Pitching Velocity by Age: The Complete Chart (8U to Pro)
A clear, sourced chart of average fastball velocity from 8U to the big leagues, and the one thing you have to understand before you read a single number.
How Hard Does the Average 12-Year-Old Throw?
The short answer is about 55 mph. The longer answer, which matters far more, is that the range at this age is enormous and mostly out of your kid's hands.
How Hard Does the Average 13-Year-Old Throw?
About 65 mph, and that is a real jump from age 12. The leap is mostly growth, and it brings a temptation worth resisting.
How Hard Does the Average 14-Year-Old Throw?
Around 70 mph, right as the jump to high school arrives. This is the age the foundation you have built starts to show.
How to Throw Harder (Safely): A Youth Velocity Guide
Every young pitcher wants more velocity. The good news is that the safest way to build it and the most effective way to build it are the same way.
Arm Care & Recovery
Building a Durable Arm: Rest, the Off-Season, and What Arm Care Really Does
Bands, programs, and promises are everywhere. Here is the short list of arm-care habits the evidence actually backs, and the ones that are mostly tradition.
Should Pitchers Ice Their Arms? What the Research Now Says
Icing after every outing was gospel for decades. The science has quietly moved on. Here is the honest, current picture, including where experts still disagree.
Shoulder Pain From Throwing: What's Normal, What's Not, and When to See a Doctor
Some soreness after throwing is normal. Some is the early warning of a real problem. Here is how to tell them apart, and exactly when to stop guessing and see a doctor.
The Complete Youth Pitcher Arm-Care and Warmup Routine
A repeatable routine that gets a young arm ready to throw and helps it recover, with the parts that the evidence supports and the parts to skip.
Coaching & Tools
AI Pitching Analysis: How to Screen a Pitcher's Mechanics From a Phone Video
For decades, real pitching biomechanics lived inside a few research labs. A phone, a slow-motion video, and AI now bring a version of that lab to anyone. Here is how it works.
How to Film Your Pitcher for a Mechanics Screening
A screening is only as good as the clip you feed it. Get four things right, the same way every time, and your readings will mean something across a whole season.
Pitching App vs Private Lessons: What Actually Moves the Needle
Private lessons and a pitching app are not really competitors. They are good at different things. Here is how to spend wisely, especially if a great coach is not around the corner.
How to Track Your Pitcher's Velocity and Workload Over a Season
Overuse is the number-one driver of youth arm injuries, and it is invisible unless you measure it. Here is what to track across a season, and what each signal means.
Is Driveline Worth It for Youth Pitchers?
Driveline helped build modern velocity training, and the science is real. The honest question for a parent is not whether it works, but whether it fits a still-growing arm.
The Best Youth Pitching Apps and Tools in 2026 (Honest Comparison)
There is no single best app, only the best one for what you are trying to do. Here is the honest landscape in 2026, sorted by the job you need done.
Reading is step one. Seeing is step two.
The science on this page explains what to look for. A free screening shows you what your own pitcher's delivery is actually doing.
Screen a pitch, free→